Infrastructure/MLOps & AI Operations
Operations · Chapter 03.2

The lifecycle
behind every
production model.

Experimentation, training, validation, registry, deployment, inference, monitoring and continuous optimization — one engineered pipeline, one telemetry contract.

8
lifecycle stages
min
release cadence
100%
traceable requests
lifecycle · M-018 stages · loop
Experimentation01Training02Validation03Model Registry04Deployment05Inference06Monitoring07Continuous Optimization08CONTINUOUS FEEDBACK
loop · closed · governed nominal
Overview

One continuous pipeline.

An engineering plate of the model lifecycle — every stage visible, every subsystem annotated, the feedback loop closed.

plate · MO-02 · continuousclosed loop
NOTEBOOKS · SWEEPSEVAL SUITESCANARY · SHADOWDRIFT · COST · SAFETYExperimentationTrainingValidationModel RegistryDeploymentInferenceMonitoringOptimizeFEATURE STORE · GPU POOLSSIGNED ARTIFACTS · POLICYGATEWAY · ROUTERRETRAIN TRIGGERSCONTINUOUS FEEDBACK · TRIGGERS RETRAIN
callout · A

Build stages: experimentation, training and validation — everything is versioned and reproducible.

callout · B

Release stages: registry, deployment and inference — governed by policy, watched by evaluations.

callout · C

Run stages: monitoring and continuous optimization — telemetry closes the loop.

Capabilities

Operations specifications.

Every stage of the lifecycle documented like an engineering datasheet.

Implementation

Run metadata written to a governed store; artifact hashes signed and immutable.

Platforms

MLflow · Weights & Biases · Neptune

Architecture Notes

Cross-run comparisons and sweep summaries per project.

Best Practices

Track hyperparameters and data snapshots — not just metrics.

Implementation

Kubeflow / Ray with topology-aware placement; checkpoint sharding to object storage.

Platforms

Ray · Kubeflow · SageMaker · Vertex

Architecture Notes

Preemption-safe; automatic resume on spot reclaim.

Best Practices

Checkpoint frequently; assume any node can disappear at any time.

Implementation

Evaluations run in isolation, produce signed reports; failures block registry promotion.

Platforms

OpenAI Evals · lm-eval-harness · Custom

Architecture Notes

Human-in-the-loop review for high-risk domains.

Best Practices

Ship an evaluation suite before shipping the model it evaluates.

Implementation

Content-addressed artifacts; policy engine gates staging → production promotion.

Platforms

MLflow · SageMaker Registry · Vertex

Architecture Notes

Every model has an owner, an evaluation and a rollback plan.

Best Practices

Promote by policy, not by pull request. Never manually override gates.

Implementation

Traffic splits at the inference gateway; error and quality budgets trigger revert.

Platforms

Argo Rollouts · Flagger · KServe

Architecture Notes

Shadow deploys collect metrics without user impact.

Best Practices

Deploy behind a canary. Roll back on quality regressions, not just errors.

Implementation

vLLM / Triton with continuous batching; warm replicas per model class.

Platforms

vLLM · Triton · TorchServe · KServe

Architecture Notes

Per-model concurrency limits; token-level cost accounting.

Best Practices

Right-size batches per SLO — throughput and latency are a trade, not a target.

Implementation

OpenTelemetry spans plus quality classifiers; drift alerts routed to owners.

Platforms

Datadog · Grafana · Arize · WhyLabs

Architecture Notes

Retrieval attribution captured for every response.

Best Practices

Alert on quality regressions before customers do.

Implementation

Retrain jobs scheduled on drift or scheduled cadence; A/B testing built in.

Platforms

Ray Tune · Optuna · Custom pipelines

Architecture Notes

Every optimization ships with a rollback and a report.

Best Practices

Treat optimization as a scheduled operation, not an incident.

Operations Journey

From first model to steady state.

1
01
Discovery

Models, SLOs, risk profile.

2
02
Architecture

Pipeline & gate design.

3
03
Provisioning

Compute, storage, identity.

4
04
Deployment

First model behind canary.

5
05
Validation

Load, safety, quality gates.

6
06
Optimization

Retraining & routing tuned.

7
07
Operations

On-call, upgrades, reviews.

Ecosystem

Built on the tools you use.

integration
MLflow

Model registry, run tracking and promotion policies.

integration
Weights & Biases

Experiment tracking, sweeps and evaluation dashboards.

integration
Ray

Distributed training and hyperparameter search.

integration
Kubeflow

Kubernetes-native pipelines for training and validation.

integration
Argo Rollouts

Canary, blue-green and shadow deployments with automatic rollback.

integration
KServe

Model serving on Kubernetes with autoscaling.

integration
vLLM

High-throughput LLM inference with continuous batching.

integration
Triton

Multi-framework model serving with dynamic batching.

integration
Arize

Drift, quality and performance monitoring for production models.

integration
OpenTelemetry

Unified traces across gateway, retrieval, tools and models.

integration
NVIDIA NIM

Optimized inference containers for accelerated deployment.

integration
Terraform

Infrastructure as code for pipelines and environments.

Benefits

Why operations
is the platform.

Models are not shipped once — they are operated. The value compounds through the lifecycle, not the launch.

  • 01
    Reproducibility as Default

    Every run — parameters, data, artifacts and metrics — captured, signed and replayable.

  • 02
    Governed Releases

    Models promote through policy gates. Evaluations, safety and approvals recorded per version.

  • 03
    Operational Visibility

    Traces, quality metrics and cost attributed to every request across every model.

  • 04
    Faster Iteration

    From notebook to production behind a canary in minutes — with automatic rollback.

  • 05
    Closed-loop Improvement

    Drift, cost and quality signals trigger scheduled optimization — not incidents.

FAQ

Questions operations teams ask.

Yes — the platform integrates with your existing registry and experiment tracker. Governance policies are applied on top.

Signed evaluation reports gate registry promotion. A failing safety probe blocks the model from reaching production traffic.

Minutes, not weeks. Canary deploys begin as soon as evaluations pass and promotion policy is satisfied.

Data drift, quality drift and cost anomalies are monitored per surface. Alerts route to owners; retraining triggers on threshold.

No — we emit OpenTelemetry and integrate with Datadog, Grafana, Arize and WhyLabs so your existing observability is your source of truth.

Next

Operate models
the way they deserve.

Bring a model. We will operationalize it end-to-end — with the gates, telemetry and rollback plan production requires.